Winslow received her BA in physics and astronomy in 2001 and her PhD in physics in 2008, both from the University of California at Berkeley. After a postdoctoral fellowship at MIT, she was appointed as an assistant professor at the University of California at Los Angeles. Winslow was appointed as an assistant professor at MIT in 2015. She has won several awards including the L’Oreal for Women in Science Fellowship in 2010 and the 2016 Breakthrough Prize as part of the KamLAND collaboration. In 2021, she was named an American Physical Society Fellow “for leadership in the search for axion-like particles that may be dark matter candidates, and for the establishment of the groundbreaking ABRACADABRA detector for this search, and also for valuable detector development for the field of neutrinoless double beta decay.” In 2022, she was named Associate Head of the Department.